Pre-Trip Offroading Checklist and Best Tyre Pressure Settings for Different Terrains

Heading off-road is one of the best ways to explore Australia’s rugged beauty. But before you set off, it’s essential to make sure your 4WD is adequately prepared. The right setup not only improves performance but also keeps you safe especially when you’re further from help.

In this guide, we’ll cover what you need to prepare plus give you a rundown of the different tyre pressure settings suggested for different terrains.

Pre-Trip Checklist

Before hitting the tracks, it’s essential to make sure your 4WD is ready. Off-roading can be unpredictable so preparation goes a long way in preventing breakdowns or safety issues in remote areas. Here’s a comprehensive checklist to go through before you leave:

Tyres and TPMS

• Check tyre condition by looking for uneven wear, cuts, bulges or low tread.
• Inspect your spare tyre and ensure it’s properly inflated and in good condition.
• Install and check your TPMS. They monitor tyre pressure and temperature in real time - helping prevent issues before they escalate.

Fluids and Levels

• Engine oil, coolant, brake fluid and power steering. Top up or replace if needed.
• Windshield washer fluid as dust and mud can quickly block visibility.
• Transmission and differential oils. This is especially important if you’re planning some water crossings.

Battery and Electrical Systems

• Check battery terminals for corrosion and ensure it’s fully charged.
• Inspect lights - headlights, indicators, brake lights and spotlights.
• Carry a spare fuse kit for your car.

Recovery Gear

• Get essential items such as snatch strap, shackles, recovery tracks and shovel.
• Fit in a winch and test it before you go.
• Don’t forget a good pair of heavy-duty gloves for recovery work.

Safety and Communication

• Get a proper first aid kit and make sure it’s complete and accessible.
• Satellite phone as mobile coverage can be unreliable.
• A Fire extinguisher securely mounted and within reach.

Navigation and Planning

• Maps and GPS - always have an offline option.
• Trip plan - let someone know your route and return time.
• Do a weather check beforehand and avoid routes that could flood or become impassable.

Tools and Spares

• Basic tool kit including spanners, pliers, screwdrivers, tyre repair kit and electrical tape.
• Air compressor - to reinflate tyres after soft-surface driving.

Best Tyre Pressure Settings for Different Terrains

Tyre pressure plays a huge role in how your 4WD performs off-road. The right pressure can mean the difference between gliding over soft sand or getting bogged down halfway up a dune. Adjusting your tyre pressure based on the terrain improves traction, ride comfort and safety.

Below is a general guide to recommended pressures for different terrains:

Highway Driving

• Recommended Pressure: 32-38 PSI (check manufacturer specs)

Higher pressure reduces rolling resistance, improves fuel economy and keeps handling responsive at speed. Always remember to reinflate your tyres to highway pressure before getting back on the road.

Sand Driving

• Recommended Pressure: 10-20 PSI

Why: Lowering tyre pressure increases the tyre’s surface area, allowing it to float over the sand rather than dig in. Avoid sharp turns and sudden acceleration since there is less traction compared to roads.

Mud Tracks

• Recommended Pressure: 10-20 PSI

Slightly deflated tyres improve grip and allow the tread to clear mud more effectively. When driving, try to keep steady momentum as spinning tyres will just dig deeper.

Rocky Terrain

• Recommended Pressure: 18-28 PSI

Going a little lower enables tyres to conform better to rocks and uneven surfaces, giving more grip and reducing the risk of punctures. Try to drive slowly to avoid damaging sidewalls and keep an eye on your tyre temperature with a TPMS - rocky terrain can heat tyres quickly.

Snow

• Recommended Pressure: 30-30PSI

Facing snow is rare in Australia but if you do happen to come across any, generally lowering your tyre pressure a little bit helps with traction. However, avoid going too low since it could reduce handling responsiveness.

Gravel Roads

• Recommended Pressure: 26-30PSI

Lowering tyre pressures on gravel roads results in a longer tyre footprint for improved traction and grip. It also helps better deal with potentially sharp edges.

Conclusion

A successful off-road trip starts long before your tyres hit the dirt. Taking the time to check your 4WD and pack the right gear ensures a smoother and safer experience. Remember, tyre pressure isn’t a “set and forget” number. Conditions change and so should your pressures.